Some effects of predaceous birds and ants on the western spruce budworm on conifer seedlings

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Published 1984 by U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station in [Portland, Or.] .
Written in

Subjects:

• Western spruce budworm -- Biological control,
• Conifers -- Seeds

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Edition Notes

Statement	Robert W. Campbell ... [et al.].
Series	Research paper PNW -- 315.
Contributions	Campbell, Robert W., Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, Or.), Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program.
The Physical Object
Pagination	5 p. :
ID Numbers
Open Library	OL17831149M
OCLC/WorldCa	11419296

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P1: GRA Journal of Chemical Ecology [joec] ppjoec J Style file version June 28th, HABERKERN AND RAFFA mg and mg/d, respectively, at 23–C. Lures were attached to each trap approximately m above the ground. The percentage of the budworm population consumed by birds decreased as budworm numbers increased. Birds consumed 84% of the larvae and pupae where budworm pop-ulations were low, 22% where budworm populations were intermediate between low and high density. Once fourth-instar larvae exceeded individuals/hectare, bird predation was ineffectual.

range, 18 to 99 percent) than eastern spruce budworm mortality (mean budworm mortality, 17 percent; ra nge, 0 to 48 percent) follo wing temperatures of -2 to -3 °C.   But the western conifer-seed bug is almost certainly not our next great insect menace. In a brief report published last week in the Journal of Medical Entomology, a pair of researchers in Hungary document what they say is the first and only known case of a western conifer-seed bug (Leptoglossus occidentalis) biting a human. Evaluation of Neoaplectana carpocapsae for Biological Control of the Western Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis: Ineffectiveness and Persistence of Tank Mixes Harry K. Kaya and Richard C. ReardonCited by: 7.

The comparative ecology of conifer-feeding budworms in the genus Choristoneura Lederer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Canada is reviewed with emphasis on publications since Systematics and life history are updated and historical outbreak patterns and their current interpretation summarised. Effects of Ortet Genotype and Western Spruce Budworm Defoliation on Foliar Nutrients in Douglas-fir Clones Karen M. CLANCY USDA Forest Service Research and Development, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, Arizona , USA Zhong CHEN, Thomas E. KOLB School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona , USA. Spruce budworm is mainly a pest of balsam and subalpine firs. Although considered a significant problem in forestry, this insect is an infrequent pest in the landscape. For biology, life history, scouting, and management options.